This is a static reference you can work down parcel by parcel. It pairs with the full due diligence guide and the max-bid calculator.
Title and liens
Confirm what you would actually be buying, and what would come with it.
- Pull the chain of title and run a lien search on the parcel. A tax deed clears most private liens, but government liens, municipal assessments, and IRS liens can survive.
- Budget for a quiet title action. A tax deed is not marketable title on its own, and clearing it takes months and money.
The parcel on the ground
Value the dirt before the auction, especially on cheap rural lots.
- Find the parcel on the local GIS and map its boundaries, size, and zoning against the listing.
- Confirm legal access. A landlocked parcel with no recorded easement is hard to use and harder to resell.
- Check flood zones and wetlands and whether the lot is buildable (perc test, utilities, setbacks).
- Look up who holds the mineral rights if that matters to your plan for the land.
The numbers
Make the math decide your bid, not the adrenaline of the sale.
- Price in the redemption timeline: Redemption may be made at any time before a treasurer's deed is executed, so the practical window runs past the three-year mark and into the Article 11.5 process. Once a deed application is pending, the owner must file an intent to redeem with the treasurer no later than seven calendar days before the scheduled public auction, then pay the amount on the redemption statement while it is in effect, and must redeem the entire property. The auction itself is set 30 to 60 calendar days after the treasurer mails the notice of public auction. A separate rule lets an owner who was under a legal disability when a tax deed was executed under Article 11 redeem within nine years of the deed being recorded, at 15 percent per year plus the present value of any improvements.
- The 13 percent is fixed and runs on the amount the statute sets, not on any premium you bid above it, so model the return on everything you pay, with the yield calculator.
- Set a defensible ceiling with the max-bid calculator, subtracting title-clearing and repair costs from resale value.
- Decide your walk-away number before the sale opens, and hold to it.
Sale-day logistics
Handle the paperwork and the money so a win does not slip away.
- Register ahead of the deadline, online or in person as the county requires, and confirm which sale (certificate or deed) you are entering.
- Check the deposit rule: The treasurer may require the applying lawful holder to deposit up to one thousand dollars plus statutory fees when the application is accepted, applied against the treasurer's fees and costs, and all Article 11.5 fees and costs are chargeable as additional amounts owing under the certificate of purchase. A third-party winner may be charged up to three hundred dollars for processing. The statute sets no bidder deposit percentage, so payment terms come from the treasurer's written auction policies.
- Line up cleared funds for the balance. Payment of a winning bid must reach the treasurer by the date and time of the auction, or by a later time that same day the treasurer sets in writing, in the form the treasurer specifies. If the high bidder does not pay, the next highest bidder who tenders the full bid on time wins, and the treasurer may bar a non-paying bidder from these auctions for up to five years. A lawful holder who wins with a bid above the amount owed to it pays only the excess, within three business days.
- Verify the exact date, time, and format on your county page. These are set county by county and can change.
If a parcel fails any item you cannot price or fix, that is your answer. See the common mistakes this checklist is built to catch.
Built Oct 12, 2026 from Colorado statutes and our due-diligence guides.
Tax Sale Atlas publishes educational information about public tax sale processes. This is not legal, financial, or investment advice. Rules, dates, and fees change; confirm with the office that runs the sale before you bid.